Libreria LCD.H Atmelga Atmel studio

 

¿Te ha tocado crear un proyecto en Atmel Studio usando Atmega328p con LCD 2x16 pero no existe la librería para manejar la pantalla?

¿Cómo agregar la libreia?

Es sencillo, solo ve a Atmel Studio y abre el programa que estas elaborando:

Ubica la parte de Solution (a la izquierda).

Ahora, pulsa (click derecho) sobre la carpeta anaranjada (para este caso se llama LCD).

Vas a selecccionar Add

Luego, pulsa sobre "New item"

 Vas a seleccionar "IncFile1"

Vas a cambiar en nombre por lcd

Una vez que el nombre te halla quedado, "lcd.h", pulsas sobre Add

Se abrirá una nueva pestaña, debe borrar todo lo que este en esa pestaña.

En su lugar debes pegar el siguiente código:

#ifndef LCD_H #define LCD_H /************************************************************************* Title : C include file for the HD44780U LCD library (lcd.c) Author: Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch> http://tinyurl.com/peterfleury File: $Id: lcd.h,v 1.14.2.4 2015/01/20 17:16:07 peter Exp $ Software: AVR-GCC 4.x Hardware: any AVR device, memory mapped mode only for AVR with memory mapped interface (AT90S8515/ATmega8515/ATmega128) ***************************************************************************/ /** @mainpage Collection of libraries for AVR-GCC @author Peter Fleury pfleury@gmx.ch http://tinyurl.com/peterfleury @copyright (C) 2015 Peter Fleury, GNU General Public License Version 3 @file @defgroup pfleury_lcd LCD library <lcd.h> @code #include <lcd.h> @endcode @brief Basic routines for interfacing a HD44780U-based character LCD display LCD character displays can be found in many devices, like espresso machines, laser printers. The Hitachi HD44780 controller and its compatible controllers like Samsung KS0066U have become an industry standard for these types of displays. This library allows easy interfacing with a HD44780 compatible display and can be operated in memory mapped mode (LCD_IO_MODE defined as 0 in the include file lcd.h.) or in 4-bit IO port mode (LCD_IO_MODE defined as 1). 8-bit IO port mode is not supported. Memory mapped mode is compatible with old Kanda STK200 starter kit, but also supports generation of R/W signal through A8 address line. @see The chapter <a href=" http://homepage.hispeed.ch/peterfleury/avr-lcd44780.html" target="_blank">Interfacing a HD44780 Based LCD to an AVR</a> on my home page, which shows example circuits how to connect an LCD to an AVR controller. @author Peter Fleury pfleury@gmx.ch http://tinyurl.com/peterfleury @version 2.0 @copyright (C) 2015 Peter Fleury, GNU General Public License Version 3 */ #include <inttypes.h> #include <avr/pgmspace.h> #if (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__) < 405 #error "This library requires AVR-GCC 4.5 or later, update to newer AVR-GCC compiler !" #endif /**@{*/ /* * LCD and target specific definitions below can be defined in a separate include file with name lcd_definitions.h instead modifying this file * by adding -D_LCD_DEFINITIONS_FILE to the CDEFS section in the Makefile * All definitions added to the file lcd_definitions.h will override the default definitions from lcd.h */ #ifdef _LCD_DEFINITIONS_FILE #include "lcd_definitions.h" #endif /** * @name Definition for LCD controller type * Use 0 for HD44780 controller, change to 1 for displays with KS0073 controller. */ #ifndef LCD_CONTROLLER_KS0073 #define LCD_CONTROLLER_KS0073 0 /**< Use 0 for HD44780 controller, 1 for KS0073 controller */ #endif /** * @name Definitions for Display Size * Change these definitions to adapt setting to your display * * These definitions can be defined in a separate include file \b lcd_definitions.h instead modifying this file by * adding -D_LCD_DEFINITIONS_FILE to the CDEFS section in the Makefile. * All definitions added to the file lcd_definitions.h will override the default definitions from lcd.h * */ #ifndef LCD_LINES #define LCD_LINES 2 /**< number of visible lines of the display */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DISP_LENGTH #define LCD_DISP_LENGTH 16 /**< visibles characters per line of the display */ #endif #ifndef LCD_LINE_LENGTH #define LCD_LINE_LENGTH 0x40 /**< internal line length of the display */ #endif #ifndef LCD_START_LINE1 #define LCD_START_LINE1 0x00 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 1 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_START_LINE2 #define LCD_START_LINE2 0x40 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 2 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_START_LINE3 #define LCD_START_LINE3 0x14 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 3 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_START_LINE4 #define LCD_START_LINE4 0x54 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 4 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_WRAP_LINES #define LCD_WRAP_LINES 0 /**< 0: no wrap, 1: wrap at end of visibile line */ #endif /** * @name Definitions for 4-bit IO mode * * The four LCD data lines and the three control lines RS, RW, E can be on the * same port or on different ports. * Change LCD_RS_PORT, LCD_RW_PORT, LCD_E_PORT if you want the control lines on * different ports. * * Normally the four data lines should be mapped to bit 0..3 on one port, but it * is possible to connect these data lines in different order or even on different * ports by adapting the LCD_DATAx_PORT and LCD_DATAx_PIN definitions. * * Adjust these definitions to your target.\n * These definitions can be defined in a separate include file \b lcd_definitions.h instead modifying this file by * adding \b -D_LCD_DEFINITIONS_FILE to the \b CDEFS section in the Makefile. * All definitions added to the file lcd_definitions.h will override the default definitions from lcd.h * */ #define LCD_IO_MODE 1 /**< 0: memory mapped mode, 1: IO port mode */ #if LCD_IO_MODE #ifndef LCD_PORT #define LCD_PORT PORTA /**< port for the LCD lines */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA0_PORT #define LCD_DATA0_PORT LCD_PORT /**< port for 4bit data bit 0 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA1_PORT #define LCD_DATA1_PORT LCD_PORT /**< port for 4bit data bit 1 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA2_PORT #define LCD_DATA2_PORT LCD_PORT /**< port for 4bit data bit 2 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA3_PORT #define LCD_DATA3_PORT LCD_PORT /**< port for 4bit data bit 3 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA0_PIN #define LCD_DATA0_PIN 0 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 0 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA1_PIN #define LCD_DATA1_PIN 1 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 1 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA2_PIN #define LCD_DATA2_PIN 2 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 2 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DATA3_PIN #define LCD_DATA3_PIN 3 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 3 */ #endif #ifndef LCD_RS_PORT #define LCD_RS_PORT LCD_PORT /**< port for RS line */ #endif #ifndef LCD_RS_PIN #define LCD_RS_PIN 4 /**< pin for RS line */ #endif #ifndef LCD_RW_PORT #define LCD_RW_PORT LCD_PORT /**< port for RW line */ #endif #ifndef LCD_RW_PIN #define LCD_RW_PIN 5 /**< pin for RW line */ #endif #ifndef LCD_E_PORT #define LCD_E_PORT LCD_PORT /**< port for Enable line */ #endif #ifndef LCD_E_PIN #define LCD_E_PIN 6 /**< pin for Enable line */ #endif #elif defined(__AVR_AT90S4414__) || defined(__AVR_AT90S8515__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega64__) || \ defined(__AVR_ATmega8515__)|| defined(__AVR_ATmega103__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega128__) || \ defined(__AVR_ATmega161__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega162__) /* * memory mapped mode is only supported when the device has an external data memory interface */ #define LCD_IO_DATA 0xC000 /* A15=E=1, A14=RS=1 */ #define LCD_IO_FUNCTION 0x8000 /* A15=E=1, A14=RS=0 */ #define LCD_IO_READ 0x0100 /* A8 =R/W=1 (R/W: 1=Read, 0=Write */ #else #error "external data memory interface not available for this device, use 4-bit IO port mode" #endif /** * @name Definitions of delays * Used to calculate delay timers. * Adapt the F_CPU define in the Makefile to the clock frequency in Hz of your target * * These delay times can be adjusted, if some displays require different delays.\n * These definitions can be defined in a separate include file \b lcd_definitions.h instead modifying this file by * adding \b -D_LCD_DEFINITIONS_FILE to the \b CDEFS section in the Makefile. * All definitions added to the file lcd_definitions.h will override the default definitions from lcd.h */ #ifndef LCD_DELAY_BOOTUP #define LCD_DELAY_BOOTUP 16000 /**< delay in micro seconds after power-on */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DELAY_INIT #define LCD_DELAY_INIT 5000 /**< delay in micro seconds after initialization command sent */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP #define LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP 64 /**< delay in micro seconds after initialization command repeated */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DELAY_INIT_4BIT #define LCD_DELAY_INIT_4BIT 64 /**< delay in micro seconds after setting 4-bit mode */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DELAY_BUSY_FLAG #define LCD_DELAY_BUSY_FLAG 4 /**< time in micro seconds the address counter is updated after busy flag is cleared */ #endif #ifndef LCD_DELAY_ENABLE_PULSE #define LCD_DELAY_ENABLE_PULSE 1 /**< enable signal pulse width in micro seconds */ #endif /** * @name Definitions for LCD command instructions * The constants define the various LCD controller instructions which can be passed to the * function lcd_command(), see HD44780 data sheet for a complete description. */ /* instruction register bit positions, see HD44780U data sheet */ #define LCD_CLR 0 /* DB0: clear display */ #define LCD_HOME 1 /* DB1: return to home position */ #define LCD_ENTRY_MODE 2 /* DB2: set entry mode */ #define LCD_ENTRY_INC 1 /* DB1: 1=increment, 0=decrement */ #define LCD_ENTRY_SHIFT 0 /* DB2: 1=display shift on */ #define LCD_ON 3 /* DB3: turn lcd/cursor on */ #define LCD_ON_DISPLAY 2 /* DB2: turn display on */ #define LCD_ON_CURSOR 1 /* DB1: turn cursor on */ #define LCD_ON_BLINK 0 /* DB0: blinking cursor ? */ #define LCD_MOVE 4 /* DB4: move cursor/display */ #define LCD_MOVE_DISP 3 /* DB3: move display (0-> cursor) ? */ #define LCD_MOVE_RIGHT 2 /* DB2: move right (0-> left) ? */ #define LCD_FUNCTION 5 /* DB5: function set */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT 4 /* DB4: set 8BIT mode (0->4BIT mode) */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_2LINES 3 /* DB3: two lines (0->one line) */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_10DOTS 2 /* DB2: 5x10 font (0->5x7 font) */ #define LCD_CGRAM 6 /* DB6: set CG RAM address */ #define LCD_DDRAM 7 /* DB7: set DD RAM address */ #define LCD_BUSY 7 /* DB7: LCD is busy */ /* set entry mode: display shift on/off, dec/inc cursor move direction */ #define LCD_ENTRY_DEC 0x04 /* display shift off, dec cursor move dir */ #define LCD_ENTRY_DEC_SHIFT 0x05 /* display shift on, dec cursor move dir */ #define LCD_ENTRY_INC_ 0x06 /* display shift off, inc cursor move dir */ #define LCD_ENTRY_INC_SHIFT 0x07 /* display shift on, inc cursor move dir */ /* display on/off, cursor on/off, blinking char at cursor position */ #define LCD_DISP_OFF 0x08 /* display off */ #define LCD_DISP_ON 0x0C /* display on, cursor off */ #define LCD_DISP_ON_BLINK 0x0D /* display on, cursor off, blink char */ #define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR 0x0E /* display on, cursor on */ #define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR_BLINK 0x0F /* display on, cursor on, blink char */ /* move cursor/shift display */ #define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_LEFT 0x10 /* move cursor left (decrement) */ #define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_RIGHT 0x14 /* move cursor right (increment) */ #define LCD_MOVE_DISP_LEFT 0x18 /* shift display left */ #define LCD_MOVE_DISP_RIGHT 0x1C /* shift display right */ /* function set: set interface data length and number of display lines */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE 0x20 /* 4-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES 0x28 /* 4-bit interface, dual line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE 0x30 /* 8-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_2LINES 0x38 /* 8-bit interface, dual line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_MODE_DEFAULT ((1<<LCD_ENTRY_MODE) | (1<<LCD_ENTRY_INC) ) /** * @name Functions */ /** @brief Initialize display and select type of cursor @param dispAttr \b LCD_DISP_OFF display off\n \b LCD_DISP_ON display on, cursor off\n \b LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR display on, cursor on\n \b LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR_BLINK display on, cursor on flashing @return none */ extern void lcd_init(uint8_t dispAttr); /** @brief Clear display and set cursor to home position @return none */ extern void lcd_clrscr(void); /** @brief Set cursor to home position @return none */ extern void lcd_home(void); /** @brief Set cursor to specified position @param x horizontal position\n (0: left most position) @param y vertical position\n (0: first line) @return none */ extern void lcd_gotoxy(uint8_t x, uint8_t y); /** @brief Display character at current cursor position @param c character to be displayed @return none */ extern void lcd_putc(char c); /** @brief Display string without auto linefeed @param s string to be displayed @return none */ extern void lcd_puts(const char *s); /** @brief Display string from program memory without auto linefeed @param progmem_s string from program memory be be displayed @return none @see lcd_puts_P */ extern void lcd_puts_p(const char *progmem_s); /** @brief Send LCD controller instruction command @param cmd instruction to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet @return none */ extern void lcd_command(uint8_t cmd); /** @brief Send data byte to LCD controller Similar to lcd_putc(), but without interpreting LF @param data byte to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet @return none */ extern void lcd_data(uint8_t data); /** @brief macros for automatically storing string constant in program memory */ #define lcd_puts_P(__s) lcd_puts_p(PSTR(__s)) /**@}*/ #endif //LCD_H

Te debe quedar asi:

Vuelve atu codigo principal (pestaña mian.c). Para llamar a la libreria local, desde escribir en tu código:

"#include "lcd.h" 

Te debe quedar asi:

Ahora, e mismo procedimiento debes hacer para el archivo lcd.c:

1. Ubica la parte de Solution (a la izquierda).

2. Ahora, pulsa (click derecho) sobre la carpeta anaranjada (para este caso se llama LCD).

Vas a selecccionar Add.

3. Luego, pulsa sobre "New item"

4. Seleccionas, CFile1.c

Y cambias el nombre por lcd y te debe quedar lcd.c. Ahora pulsa  sobre Add.

Se abrirá una nueva pestaña, debe borrar todo lo que este en esa pestaña.

En su lugar debes pegar el siguiente código:

/**************************************************************************** Title: HD44780U LCD library Author: Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch> http://tinyurl.com/peterfleury File: $Id: lcd.c,v 1.15.2.2 2015/01/17 12:16:05 peter Exp $ Software: AVR-GCC 3.3 Target: any AVR device, memory mapped mode only for AT90S4414/8515/Mega DESCRIPTION Basic routines for interfacing a HD44780U-based text lcd display Originally based on Volker Oth's lcd library, changed lcd_init(), added additional constants for lcd_command(), added 4-bit I/O mode, improved and optimized code. Library can be operated in memory mapped mode (LCD_IO_MODE=0) or in 4-bit IO port mode (LCD_IO_MODE=1). 8-bit IO port mode not supported. Memory mapped mode compatible with Kanda STK200, but supports also generation of R/W signal through A8 address line. USAGE See the C include lcd.h file for a description of each function *****************************************************************************/ #define F_CPU 4000000UL #include <inttypes.h> #include <avr/io.h> #include <avr/pgmspace.h> #include <util/delay.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "lcd.h" /* ** constants/macros */ #define DDR(x) (*(&x - 1)) /* address of data direction register of port x */ #if defined(__AVR_ATmega64__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega128__) /* on ATmega64/128 PINF is on port 0x00 and not 0x60 */ #define PIN(x) ( &PORTF==&(x) ? _SFR_IO8(0x00) : (*(&x - 2)) ) #else #define PIN(x) (*(&x - 2)) /* address of input register of port x */ #endif #if LCD_IO_MODE #define lcd_e_delay() _delay_us(LCD_DELAY_ENABLE_PULSE) #define lcd_e_high() LCD_E_PORT |= _BV(LCD_E_PIN); #define lcd_e_low() LCD_E_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_E_PIN); #define lcd_e_toggle() toggle_e() #define lcd_rw_high() LCD_RW_PORT |= _BV(LCD_RW_PIN) #define lcd_rw_low() LCD_RW_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_RW_PIN) #define lcd_rs_high() LCD_RS_PORT |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN) #define lcd_rs_low() LCD_RS_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_RS_PIN) #endif #if LCD_IO_MODE #if LCD_LINES==1 #define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE #else #define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES #endif #else #if LCD_LINES==1 #define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE #else #define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_2LINES #endif #endif #if LCD_CONTROLLER_KS0073 #if LCD_LINES==4 #define KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_ON 0x2C /* |0|010|1100 4-bit mode, extension-bit RE = 1 */ #define KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_OFF 0x28 /* |0|010|1000 4-bit mode, extension-bit RE = 0 */ #define KS0073_4LINES_MODE 0x09 /* |0|000|1001 4 lines mode */ #endif #endif /* ** function prototypes */ #if LCD_IO_MODE static void toggle_e(void); #endif /* ** local functions */ /************************************************************************* delay for a minimum of <us> microseconds the number of loops is calculated at compile-time from MCU clock frequency *************************************************************************/ #define delay(us) _delay_us(us) #if LCD_IO_MODE /* toggle Enable Pin to initiate write */ static void toggle_e(void) { lcd_e_high(); lcd_e_delay(); lcd_e_low(); } #endif /************************************************************************* Low-level function to write byte to LCD controller Input: data byte to write to LCD rs 1: write data 0: write instruction Returns: none *************************************************************************/ #if LCD_IO_MODE static void lcd_write(uint8_t data,uint8_t rs) { unsigned char dataBits ; if (rs) { /* write data (RS=1, RW=0) */ lcd_rs_high(); } else { /* write instruction (RS=0, RW=0) */ lcd_rs_low(); } lcd_rw_low(); /* RW=0 write mode */ if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT ) && (LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0) && (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) ) { /* configure data pins as output */ DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= 0x0F; /* output high nibble first */ dataBits = LCD_DATA0_PORT & 0xF0; LCD_DATA0_PORT = dataBits |((data>>4)&0x0F); lcd_e_toggle(); /* output low nibble */ LCD_DATA0_PORT = dataBits | (data&0x0F); lcd_e_toggle(); /* all data pins high (inactive) */ LCD_DATA0_PORT = dataBits | 0x0F; } else { /* configure data pins as output */ DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); /* output high nibble first */ LCD_DATA3_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); LCD_DATA2_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); LCD_DATA1_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); if(data & 0x80) LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); if(data & 0x40) LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); if(data & 0x20) LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); if(data & 0x10) LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); lcd_e_toggle(); /* output low nibble */ LCD_DATA3_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); LCD_DATA2_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); LCD_DATA1_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); if(data & 0x08) LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); if(data & 0x04) LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); if(data & 0x02) LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); if(data & 0x01) LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); lcd_e_toggle(); /* all data pins high (inactive) */ LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); } } #else #define lcd_write(d,rs) if (rs) *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_DATA) = d; else *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_FUNCTION) = d; /* rs==0 -> write instruction to LCD_IO_FUNCTION */ /* rs==1 -> write data to LCD_IO_DATA */ #endif /************************************************************************* Low-level function to read byte from LCD controller Input: rs 1: read data 0: read busy flag / address counter Returns: byte read from LCD controller *************************************************************************/ #if LCD_IO_MODE static uint8_t lcd_read(uint8_t rs) { uint8_t data; if (rs) lcd_rs_high(); /* RS=1: read data */ else lcd_rs_low(); /* RS=0: read busy flag */ lcd_rw_high(); /* RW=1 read mode */ if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT ) && ( LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0 )&& (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) ) { DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) &= 0xF0; /* configure data pins as input */ lcd_e_high(); lcd_e_delay(); data = PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) << 4; /* read high nibble first */ lcd_e_low(); lcd_e_delay(); /* Enable 500ns low */ lcd_e_high(); lcd_e_delay(); data |= PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT)&0x0F; /* read low nibble */ lcd_e_low(); } else { /* configure data pins as input */ DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); /* read high nibble first */ lcd_e_high(); lcd_e_delay(); data = 0; if ( PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN) ) data |= 0x10; if ( PIN(LCD_DATA1_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN) ) data |= 0x20; if ( PIN(LCD_DATA2_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN) ) data |= 0x40; if ( PIN(LCD_DATA3_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN) ) data |= 0x80; lcd_e_low(); lcd_e_delay(); /* Enable 500ns low */ /* read low nibble */ lcd_e_high(); lcd_e_delay(); if ( PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN) ) data |= 0x01; if ( PIN(LCD_DATA1_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN) ) data |= 0x02; if ( PIN(LCD_DATA2_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN) ) data |= 0x04; if ( PIN(LCD_DATA3_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN) ) data |= 0x08; lcd_e_low(); } return data; } #else #define lcd_read(rs) (rs) ? *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_DATA+LCD_IO_READ) : *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_FUNCTION+LCD_IO_READ) /* rs==0 -> read instruction from LCD_IO_FUNCTION */ /* rs==1 -> read data from LCD_IO_DATA */ #endif /************************************************************************* loops while lcd is busy, returns address counter *************************************************************************/ static uint8_t lcd_waitbusy(void) { register uint8_t c; /* wait until busy flag is cleared */ while ( (c=lcd_read(0)) & (1<<LCD_BUSY)) {} /* the address counter is updated 4us after the busy flag is cleared */ delay(LCD_DELAY_BUSY_FLAG); /* now read the address counter */ return (lcd_read(0)); // return address counter }/* lcd_waitbusy */ /************************************************************************* Move cursor to the start of next line or to the first line if the cursor is already on the last line. *************************************************************************/ static inline void lcd_newline(uint8_t pos) { register uint8_t addressCounter; #if LCD_LINES==1 addressCounter = 0; #endif #if LCD_LINES==2 if ( pos < (LCD_START_LINE2) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2; else addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1; #endif #if LCD_LINES==4 #if KS0073_4LINES_MODE if ( pos < LCD_START_LINE2 ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2; else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE2) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE3) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE3; else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE3) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE4) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE4; else addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1; #else if ( pos < LCD_START_LINE3 ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2; else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE2) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE4) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE3; else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE3) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE2) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE4; else addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1; #endif #endif lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+addressCounter); }/* lcd_newline */ /* ** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS */ /************************************************************************* Send LCD controller instruction command Input: instruction to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_command(uint8_t cmd) { lcd_waitbusy(); lcd_write(cmd,0); } /************************************************************************* Send data byte to LCD controller Input: data to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_data(uint8_t data) { lcd_waitbusy(); lcd_write(data,1); } /************************************************************************* Set cursor to specified position Input: x horizontal position (0: left most position) y vertical position (0: first line) Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_gotoxy(uint8_t x, uint8_t y) { #if LCD_LINES==1 lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x); #endif #if LCD_LINES==2 if ( y==0 ) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x); else lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x); #endif #if LCD_LINES==4 if ( y==0 ) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x); else if ( y==1) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x); else if ( y==2) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3+x); else /* y==3 */ lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4+x); #endif }/* lcd_gotoxy */ /************************************************************************* *************************************************************************/ int lcd_getxy(void) { return lcd_waitbusy(); } /************************************************************************* Clear display and set cursor to home position *************************************************************************/ void lcd_clrscr(void) { lcd_command(1<<LCD_CLR); } /************************************************************************* Set cursor to home position *************************************************************************/ void lcd_home(void) { lcd_command(1<<LCD_HOME); } /************************************************************************* Display character at current cursor position Input: character to be displayed Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_putc(char c) { uint8_t pos; pos = lcd_waitbusy(); // read busy-flag and address counter if (c=='\n') { lcd_newline(pos); } else { #if LCD_WRAP_LINES==1 #if LCD_LINES==1 if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0); } #elif LCD_LINES==2 if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ){ lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0); } #elif LCD_LINES==4 if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE3+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE4+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0); } #endif lcd_waitbusy(); #endif lcd_write(c, 1); } }/* lcd_putc */ /************************************************************************* Display string without auto linefeed Input: string to be displayed Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_puts(const char *s) /* print string on lcd (no auto linefeed) */ { register char c; while ( (c = *s++) ) { lcd_putc(c); } }/* lcd_puts */ /************************************************************************* Display string from program memory without auto linefeed Input: string from program memory be be displayed Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_puts_p(const char *progmem_s) /* print string from program memory on lcd (no auto linefeed) */ { register char c; while ( (c = pgm_read_byte(progmem_s++)) ) { lcd_putc(c); } }/* lcd_puts_p */ /************************************************************************* Initialize display and select type of cursor Input: dispAttr LCD_DISP_OFF display off LCD_DISP_ON display on, cursor off LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR display on, cursor on LCD_DISP_CURSOR_BLINK display on, cursor on flashing Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_init(uint8_t dispAttr) { #if LCD_IO_MODE /* * Initialize LCD to 4 bit I/O mode */ if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT ) && ( &LCD_RS_PORT == &LCD_DATA0_PORT) && ( &LCD_RW_PORT == &LCD_DATA0_PORT) && (&LCD_E_PORT == &LCD_DATA0_PORT) && (LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0 ) && (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) && (LCD_RS_PIN == 4 ) && (LCD_RW_PIN == 5) && (LCD_E_PIN == 6 ) ) { /* configure all port bits as output (all LCD lines on same port) */ DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= 0x7F; } else if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT ) && (LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0 ) && (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) ) { /* configure all port bits as output (all LCD data lines on same port, but control lines on different ports) */ DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= 0x0F; DDR(LCD_RS_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN); DDR(LCD_RW_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_RW_PIN); DDR(LCD_E_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_E_PIN); } else { /* configure all port bits as output (LCD data and control lines on different ports */ DDR(LCD_RS_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN); DDR(LCD_RW_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_RW_PIN); DDR(LCD_E_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_E_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); } delay(LCD_DELAY_BOOTUP); /* wait 16ms or more after power-on */ /* initial write to lcd is 8bit */ LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); // LCD_FUNCTION>>4; LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); // LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT>>4; lcd_e_toggle(); delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */ /* repeat last command */ lcd_e_toggle(); delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */ /* repeat last command a third time */ lcd_e_toggle(); delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */ /* now configure for 4bit mode */ LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); // LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE>>4 lcd_e_toggle(); delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_4BIT); /* some displays need this additional delay */ /* from now the LCD only accepts 4 bit I/O, we can use lcd_command() */ #else /* * Initialize LCD to 8 bit memory mapped mode */ /* enable external SRAM (memory mapped lcd) and one wait state */ MCUCR = _BV(SRE) | _BV(SRW); /* reset LCD */ delay(LCD_DELAY_BOOTUP); /* wait 16ms after power-on */ lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0); /* function set: 8bit interface */ delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT); /* wait 5ms */ lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0); /* function set: 8bit interface */ delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP); /* wait 64us */ lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0); /* function set: 8bit interface */ delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP); /* wait 64us */ #endif #if KS0073_4LINES_MODE /* Display with KS0073 controller requires special commands for enabling 4 line mode */ lcd_command(KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_ON); lcd_command(KS0073_4LINES_MODE); lcd_command(KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_OFF); #else lcd_command(LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT); /* function set: display lines */ #endif lcd_command(LCD_DISP_OFF); /* display off */ lcd_clrscr(); /* display clear */ lcd_command(LCD_MODE_DEFAULT); /* set entry mode */ lcd_command(dispAttr); /* display/cursor control */ }/* lcd_init */

Vuelve atu codigo principal (pestaña mian.c). 

Ya terminaste!!!

RECUERDA USAR BIEN LA LBRERIA PARA TENER EXITO EN TU PROYECTO:

lcd_init(LCD_DISP_ON); //Inicia la pantalla LCD

lcd_clrscr(); //;Limpiar pantalla LCD

itoa(sensor, adc,10);  //transforma adc en tipo string

lcd_gotoxy(1,1); //curso en fila 1, columna1 (posion donde va a parecer)

lcd_puts(); // muestra en pantalla la lectura TIPO STRING

lcd_putc(); // muestra en pantalla el caracter (tipo CHAR)